Criterion for a City’s End
The determination of a city’s end depends on the common view. Thus, if the factories and scattered townships are not considered as parts of the city — according to the common view, the distance should be calculated from the last houses of the city.

Tarakhkhuṣ Limit
According to caution, the criterion of tarakhkhuṣ limit is the place in which the city’s walls are not seen and its adhān is not heard though it is not remote that the inaudibility of the adhān is adequate for determining the tarakhkhuṣ limit.

Difference in the Length of Going and Return
If the going distance is less than four farsakhs and the return way alone is not equal to the shar‘ī distance [i.e. eight farsakhs], he should say full prayer and fast although to go and return is eight farsakhs.

Watan
In general, the place where one is born and grew up is considered as their original watan. It remains so unless they 'give it up'. If they go to somewhere else and wants to permanently live there at least for a part of each year and do so until people consider it as his watan, it is considered as his watan. The same rule applies if — without intending — he lives there for a time long enough to be considered by people as his watan or if he wants to stay there for living purpose for a complete seven/eight years.
 
Original and Second Watan
Original watan is the place where one is born, lives for a time, and grows up. The second watan is the place a mukallaf chooses for his permanent residence, though it may be for several months in a year or he is to live there for at least seven/eight years. 
 
Time of the Second Watan's Materialization
When a person selects a place as his watan, it becomes his watan if he stays there for a while so that people say he has taken this place as his watan, say, two/three months or less than that so that it is said as per common view that he is a man of that city.

To 'Give up' One's Watan
If he does not want to, rather he has resolved not to, return to that village to live there, the watan rules will not apply to him there.

A Child's Subordination Regarding Watan
A child who follows his father in decision making and in living, his father's watan is considered as his watan. If he lives with his mother and follows her, her watan is considered as his watan whether he is minor or adult.

Adopting New Watan of One's Husband/Father
It is permissible for the wife not to adopt the new watan of her husband as her own, but as for the children, if they are minors and dependent in making decisions, or they are subject to their father’s decision with respect to this matter, the new watan of their father will be considered their watan as well.

To Travel after Intention of a Ten-day Stay                            
After deciding/intending to stay in a place for at least ten days and saying a four-rak'ah prayer, there is no problem in travelling less than 22.5 km. However, if he had wanted to go beyond tarakhkhuṣ limit from the beginning, he may travel less than 22.5 km. for six/seven hours within the whole ten days. 

Travels for Work Purposes
If during each ten days, one travels for a shar‘ī  distance (22.5 km.) at least once for work purposes and that continues for at least two / three months, one should offer full normal prayer and their fasts are correct at the place of departure, on the way and in the destination except during the first and second trips. After that, if one stays for 10 days or more at a place, in the first work travel they say shortened prayers and thereafter full. But during the private travels, one is ruled as a normal traveler.

To Study as a Professional Mission
A person, who study as a professional mission and travels for it every week, should pray in full and fast as well.

Not Considering the Place of Study as Watan
The rules of watan do not apply to the place of study or work unless they have stayed there for such a time that according to the common view it is considered to be their watan. 
 
To Follow another Marji' Regarding Education Travel
There is no problem in following a qualified mujtahid who considers a travel for educational purpose as a travel for work and says that one should perform full prayer and fast [during such a travel]. However, it is not correct to say full prayer but not to fast or to fast but say shortened prayer.